154 BIRDS OF ILLINOIS. 



Dendroica palmarum (Gmel.) 



PALM WAKBLEK. 



Popular synonyms. Wagtail Warbler: Titlark Warbler; Tip-up Warbler; Red-poll 

 Warbler. 



Motacilla palmarum GMEL. S. N. i, 1788, 951. 

 Sylvia palmarum LATH, et AUCT. 

 Sylvicola palmarum RICH, et AUCT. 

 Dendroica palmarum (part) BAIRD, B. N. Am. 1858,288; Cat. N. Am. B. 1859, No. 208; 



Review, 1865,207. B. B. & R. Hist. N. Am. B. i, 1874, 273, pi. 14,flg. 8. 



Dendrosca palmarum SCL. COUES, Key, 1872, 104 (part); Check List, 1873, No. 90 (part); 

 2ded. 1882, No. 132: B. N. W. 174, 67 (part) ; B. Col. Val. 1879, 284 (excl. syn. part). 

 RIDGW. Norn. N. Am. B. 1881, No. 113. 



Sylvicola petechia Sw. & RICH, F. B. A. ii. 1831, 215. pi. 41. AUD. Synop. 1839,58; B. Am. 

 ii, 1841, 55, pi. 90. 



HAS. Interior of eastern North America, north to Forts Simpson and Resolution, east 

 to western base of the Alleghanies, west to the lower Missouri and eastern Texas ; breeds 

 chiefly north of the United States ; winters in the Gulf States and Lower Mississippi Val- 

 ley, and also in the Greater Antilles. Occasional in Atlantic States, where, however, as 

 well as northward to Labrador, chiefly replaced by the much brighter colored form, 

 hypochrysea.* 



SP. CHAK. Adult male in spring (No. 83,024, U.S. Nat. Mus. Mount Carmel, Illinois, April 

 22,1869.) Beneath yellowish white, tinged with yellow, the throat and crissum deepening 

 into gamboge; sides of the neck, sides, and entire breast, streaked with umber-brown, 

 tinged with rusty, the shafts of the feathers darker; a distinct superciliary stripe of 

 clear yellow. Pileum uniform rich chestnut, darker next the bill, where divided 

 medially by a short and indistinct streak of yellow. Upper parts in general olive- 

 gray, deepening into yellowish olive-green on the upper tail-coverts. Tail-feathers 

 dusky, edged externally with pale olive- yellowish, the two outer pairs with their inner 

 webs broadly tipped with white. Wings dusky, the remiges edged like the tail-feathers, 

 with yellowish olive-green; both rows of coverts tipped with pale grayish buff, forming 

 rather distinct indications of two bands. Wing, 2.55; tail, 2.30; bill, from nostril, .30; 

 tarsus, .80. 



Most other males in the series before me are rather duller than 

 the one described. A specimen from Carlisle, Penn. (No. 152, U. S. 

 Nat. Mus., April 26, 1845, S. F. Baird, presumably a male), differs 

 merely in the more indistinct character of the streaks along the sides, 

 those of the breast being almost obsolete. One of the brightest males 

 in the entire series is a specimen in Mr. Nelson's collection (No. 2,072, 

 Waukegan, 111., April 12, 1876). This, however, is scarcely different 

 from the one described, the only obvious difference being the some- 

 what brighter yellow on the breast, and the greater amount of chest- 

 nut in the streaks of the side of the breast. The palest male is also 

 a Waukegan specimen (No. 2,073, mus. E. W. Nelson, April 28, 

 1876), which has the posterior half of4he superciliary stripe white 

 and the whole breast whitish, the pure yellow being thus restricted 

 to the throat and crissum. 



*Dendrica palmarum hypochrysea RIDGW. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, i.Nov. 1876, p. 85. 



