TYRANNIDJE TYRANT FLYCATCHERS. 355 



known except to the ornithologist. In Illinois it is a summer resi- 

 dent in the northern portions and a migrant southward; but the 

 southern limit of its breeding range is at present unknown. 



Empidonax pusillus traillii (Aud.) 



TKAILL'S FLYCATCHER. 



Muscicapa traillii AUD. Orn. Biog. i, 1832, 236; v, 1839, 426, pi. 45; Synop. 1839, 43; B. Am. 



i, 1840, 234, pi. 65. 



Tyrannus traillii NUTT. Man. 2d ed. i. 1840,323. 

 Empidonax traillii ~BAIRD, B. N. Am. 1858, 193; Cat. N. Am. B. 1859, No. 140. COUES, 



Key, 1872, 175; Check List 1874. No. 257; B. N. W. 1874, 252. 



Empidonax pusillus var. traillii B. B. & E. Hifit. N. Am. B. ii,1874, 369, pi. 44, fig. 8. 

 Empidonax pusillus traillii EIDGW. Nom. N. Am. B. 1881, No. 325 a. COUES, 2d Check 



List, 1882, No. 385. 



HAB. Eastern North America, breeding from Missouri, Illinois, Ohio, and New Eng- 

 land northward (for an undetermined distance); wintering in eastern Middle America, 

 south to Colombia. 



"Sp. CHAR. Third quill longest; second scarcely shorter than fourth; first shorter 

 than fifth, about .35 shorter than the longest. Primaries about .75 of an inch longer than 

 secondaries. Tail even. Upper parts dark olive-green; lighter under the wings, and 

 duller and more tinged with ash on nape and sides of the neck. Centre of the crown- 

 feathers brown. A pale yellowish white ring (in some specimens altogether white) 

 round the eye. Loral feathors mixed with white. Chin and throat w T hite; the breast 

 and sides of throat light ash tinged with olive, its intensity varying in individuals, the 

 former sometimes faintly tinged with olive. Sides of the breast much like the back. 

 Middle of the belly nearly white; sides of the belly, abdomen, and the lower tail-coverts, 

 sulphur- yellow. The quills and tail-feathers dark brown, as dark (if not more so) as 

 these parts in C. virens. Two olivaceous yellow-white bands on the wing, formed by 

 the tips of the first and second coverts, succeeded by a brown one; the edge of the first 

 primary and of secondaries and tertials a little lighter shade of the same. The outer 

 edge of the tail-feathers like the back; that of the lateral one rather lighter. Bill above 

 dark brown; dull brownish beneath. Length, nearly 6.00; wing, 2.90; tail, 2.60. Young 

 with the wing-bands ochraceous instead of grayish olive. 



"This species is most closely related to E. minimus, but differs 

 in larger size and the proportions of quills. The middle of the back 

 is the same color in both, but instead of becoming lighter and tinged 

 with ash on the rump and upper tail-coverts, these parts very rarely 

 differ in color from the back. The markings 011 the wings, instead 

 of being dirty white, are decidedly olivaceous grayish. The yellow 

 of the lower parts is deeper. The tail-feathers are rather broad, 

 acuminate, and pointed ; in minimus they are narrow and more 

 rounded, while the tail itself is eniarginated, instead of square, as in 

 the present bird. The bill is larger and fuller. The legs are de- 

 cidedly shorter in proportion." (Hist. N. Am. B.) 



