22 GENERAL INTRODUCTION. 



The more common undershrubs (some of them growing to be 

 small trees) are : Acer Pennsylvanicum, A. spicatum, Primus puinila, 

 P. Pennsylvania, P. Virginiana, Spir&a salicifolia, S. tomentosa, 

 Rubus odoratus, R. triflorus, R. strigosus, R. occidentalism R. villosus, 

 R. Canadensis, Rosa Carolina, Cratfegus coccinea, C. tomcntosa, C. 

 crus-galli, Pyrus sambucifolia, Amelanchier Canadensis, A. Canaden- 

 sis botryapium, A. Canadensis oblong if olia, Ribcs lacustrc, R. rubruui, 

 Hainamelis Virginica, Cornus circinata, C. stolonifera, C. paniculata, 



C. alternifolia, Lonicera ciliata, Dicrvilla trifida, Sambucus pubcns, 

 S. Canadensis, Viburnum lentago, V. aceri folium, V. opidiis, V. lan- 

 taiioidcs, Cephalanthus occidcntalis, Gaylussacia resinosa, Vacciniuui 

 Pennsylvanicum, V. corymbosum, ArctostapJiylos uva-ursi, Cassandra 

 calyculata, Andromeda pol if oli a, Kalmia angustifolia, K. glauca, Aza- 

 lia midiflora, RJwdora Canadensis, Lcdum latifolinm, Apocynum 

 androsfEmifolium, Ilex Iccvigata, Corylus rostrata, Carpinus Ameri- 

 cana, Myrica gale, Alnus viridis, A. incana, Salix (several species), 

 and Taxns baccata Canadensis. 



Of the smaller flowering plants the following are among the most 

 noticeable: Clematis Virginiana, Anemone Pennsylvanica, A. ncmorosa, 

 Hepatica triloba, TJialictrum dioicum, Ranunculus flammula reptans, 

 R. abortivus, R. recurvatus, Caltha palnstris, Coptis trifolia, Aquilegia 

 Canadensis, Actcca spicata rubra, A. alba, Caulophyllinn tJialictroides, 

 NympJicea odorata, NnpJiar advcna, Sarraccnia purpurca, Sanguinaria 

 Canadensis, Di centra cncnllaria, D. Canadensis, Dcntaria ctip/iylla, 



D. laciniata, Arabis lyrata, Viola rotundifolia, V. blanda, V. Sel- 

 kcrki, V. cucullata, V. canina sylvestris, V, rostrata, V. Canadensis, 



V. pubcsccns, Drosera rotundifolia, D.longifolia, Helianthemum Cana- 

 dense, Hypericum pyramidatum, H. ellipticum, H. perforaium, Elodes 



Virginica, Silene inflata, Arenaria Greenland ica, A. lateriflora, Clay- 



tonia Caroliniana, Geranium Robcriianum, Impaticns pallida, Oxalis 



acetosella, Ampclopsis quinqucfolia, Cclastriis scandens, Polygala pauci- 



folia, Poterium Canadense, Gcum macropliyllum, Waldsteinia fraga- 



rioidcs, Potentilla Norvegica, P. Canadensis, P. tridentata, P.palustris, 



