PELECANIDJE -THE PELICANS. 195 



FAMILY PELECANID^3. THE PELICANS. 



CHABACTEBS. Bill greatly elongated and excessively depressed, the terminal unguis 

 very prominent and strongly hooked; gular pouch exceedingly large and greatly distensi- 

 ble; lores and orbital region sometimes other parts of the head also naked. Toes fully 

 webbed, the outer almost as long as the middle, the inner much shorter. Tail very short, 

 nearly even, or slightly rounded. Size usually very large. 



The Pelicans include about ten species, which are found mostly 

 in the warmer parts of the world, although two of them the 

 common American P. erythrorhynchos and the Paltearctic P. cris- 

 pus extend in summer to high northern latitudes. As may be 

 seen from the synonymy of the genus Pelecanus, these birds have 

 been divided into several genera by authors; but each species 

 possesses so many peculiarities of external structure that it is 

 doubtful whether the differences between the supposed genera are 

 of more than subgeneric importance. 



GENUS PELECANUS LINNAEUS. 



Pelecanus LIVN. S. N. ed. 10, i. 1758. 132 ; ed 12.1,1766,215. Type. P. onocrotalus LINN. 

 Onocrotalus BRISS. Orn. vi. 1760, 519. Type, Pelecanus onocrotalus LINN. 

 Cyrtopelicanus KEICH. Syst. Av. 1853, p. vii. Type, Pelecanus erythrorhynchos GMEL. 

 Leptoyelicanus EEICH. 1. c. Type, Pelecanus fuse u* LINN. 

 Catoptropelicanus REICH. 1. c. Type, Pelecanus conspicillatus TEMM. 



The characters of this genus being the same as those given 

 above for the Family Pelecanidce, it is unnecessary to repeat them 

 here. It is possible, however, that the genus as here used in a 

 comprehensive sense should be subdivided, as ind.cated by the 

 above synonymy. 



The species which occur in Illinois may be thus distinguished: 



A. Lower jaw densely feathered to the base of the mandible. Tail-feathers 24. (Subgenus 



OyrioppltcanuR.) 



1. P. erythrorhvnohos. Color white, the primaries blacki-h. Bill and feet yellowish, 

 deepening to red in the breeding-season. Wing, 22.00-25.25 inches: oulmen, 11.30- 

 13.85. 



