224 Animal Intelligence 



on that chair was present and effective. We may call these 

 last the 'on chair' type of experiments. 

 A sample experiment with a box is the following : 

 On January 4, 1901, box Delta (push back) was put in No. 

 z's cage. He failed in 5, though he was active in trying to 

 get in for about 4 minutes of the time and pulled and pushed 

 the bar a great deal, though up and down and out instead of 

 back. In his aimless pushings and pullings he nearly suc- 

 ceeded. He failed in 5 in a second trial also. I then opened 

 the door of the cage, sat down beside it, held out my hand, 

 and when he came to me took his right paw and with it (he 

 being held in front of the box) pushed the bar back (and 

 pulled the door open in those cases when it did not fall open 

 of itself) . He reached in and took the food and went back 

 to the top of his cage and ate it. (No. i generally did this, 

 while No. 3 generally stayed by me.) I then tried him alone; 

 result 10 F ; no activity at all. On January 5th I put the 

 box in ; result 10 F. He was fairly active. He pulled at 

 the bar but mostly from a position on the top of the box 

 and with his left hand ; no attempts like the one I had tried 

 to teach him. Being left alone he failed in 5. Being tried 

 again with the door of the cage open and me sitting as I had 

 done while putting him through the act, he succeeded in 7.00 

 by pushing the bar with his head in the course of efforts to 

 poke his head in at the door. I then put him through the 

 act 10 times and left him to himself. He failed in 5.00; 

 no activity. I then sat down by the cage as when teaching 

 him. He failed in 5 ; little activity. Later in the day I put 

 him through the act 10 times and then left him to himself. 

 He failed in 5 ; little activity. I sat down as before. He 

 failed in five; little activity. On January 6th I put him 

 through the act 10 times and then left him. He failed in 

 10. This was repeated later in the day with the same result. 



