126 Animal Intelligence 



constructs, moreover, through association with reconstructs, 

 or representations, link themselves in trains so that a sensa- 

 tion, or group of sensations, may suggest a series of recon- 

 structs, or a series of remembered phenomena." (C. L. 

 Morgan, Animal Life and Intelligence, p. 341.) 



" Lastly, before taking leave of the subject of the chapter, 

 I am most anxious that it should not be thought that, in con- 

 tending that intelligence is not reason, I wish in any way to 

 disparage intelligence. Nine tenths at least of the actions of 

 average men are intelligent and not rational. Do we not all 

 of us know hundreds of practical men who are in the high- 

 est degree intelligent, but in whom the rational, analytic 

 faculty is but little developed ? Is it any injustice to the 

 brutes to contend that their inferences are of the same order 

 as those of these excellent practical folk ? In any case, no 

 such injustice is intended ; and if I deny them self-conscious- 

 ness and reason, I grant to the higher animals perceptions 

 of marvelous acuteness and intelligent inferences of won- 

 derful accuracy and precision - - intelligent inferences in 

 some cases, no doubt, more perfect even than those of man, 

 who is often disturbed by many thoughts ' (ibid., pp. 376- 



377). 



" Language and the analytic faculty it renders possible 



differentiate man from the brute' (ibid., p. 376). 



Here, as elsewhere, it should be remembered that Lloyd 

 Morgan is not quoted because he is the worst offender or be- 

 cause he represents the opposite in general of what the pres- 

 ent writer takes to be the truth. On the contrary, Morgan 

 is quoted because he is the least offender, because he 

 has taken the most advanced stand along the line of the 

 present investigation, because my differences from him are 

 in the line of his differences from other writers. With the 

 theory of the passages just quoted, however, which attribute 



