CONTENTS 



PAGE 



THE STUDY OF CONSCIOUSNESS AND THE STUDY OF BEHAVIOR i 



ANIMAL INTELLIGENCE 20 



Introduction ......... 20 



Description of Apparatus 29 



Experiments with Cats . . . . . . . -35 



Experiments with Dogs ....... 56 



Experiments with Chicks ....... 61 



Reasoning or Inference ....... 67 



Imitation 76 



In Chicks 81 



In Cats .......... 85 



In Dogs ......... 92 



The Mental Fact in Association ...... 98 



Association by Similarity and the Formation of Concepts . 116 

 Criticism of Previous Theories . . . . . .125 



Delicacy of Association 128 



Complexity of Associations ....... 132 



Number of Associations 135 



Permanence of Associations ....... 138 



Inhibition of Instincts by Habit 142 



Attention .......... 144 



The Social Consciousness of Animals ..... 146 



Interaction .......... 147 



Applications to Pedagogy, Anthropology, etc. . . . 149 



Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . 153 



THE INSTINCTIVE REACTIONS OF YOUNG CHICKS . . .156 

 A NOTE ON THE PSYCHOLOGY OF FISHES . . . .169 



THE MENTAL LIFE OF THE MONKEYS 172 



Introduction 173 



Apparatus 177 



vii 



