go Animal Intelligence 



quicker to learn, as may be seen by comparing his time 

 curves with those of 7, 6 and 5. That the mere speed with 

 which he mastered this association is no sign that imitation 

 was present may be seen by reference to the time curves of 

 4 and 13 (on p. 43). 



Some cats were also experimented with in the following 

 manner. They were put into a box [No. 7 into box A (O at 

 front), No. 5 into B (0 at back)] and left for from 45 to 75 sec- 

 onds. Then a cat who knew the way to get out was put in, 

 and, of course, pulled at the loop and opened the door. Both 

 cats then went out and both were fed. After the cat had been 

 given a number of such chances to learn by imitation, he 

 was put in and left until he did the thing, or until 5 or 10 

 minutes elapsed. As in the preceding experiments, no 

 change in their behavior which might signify imitation was 

 observed. No. 7 acted exactly like 3, or 10, or n, when put 

 in the box, apparently forming the association by accident 

 in just the same way. Good evidence that he did not imi- 

 tate is the fact that, whereas i (whom he saw) pulled the 

 loop with his teeth, 7 pulled it with his paw. 5 failed to form 

 the association, though he saw 3 do it 8 times and probably 

 saw him 18 times more. He did get out twice by clawing 

 the string in the front of the box, not the loop in the back, 

 as 3 did. These successes took place early in the experi- 

 ment. After that he failed when left alone to get out at 

 all. 



Another experiment was made by a still different method. 

 My cats were kept in a large box about 4 ft. high, the front 

 of which was covered with poultry-yard netting. Its top 

 was a board which could be removed. To save opening the 

 door and letting them all loose, I was in the habit of taking 

 them out by the top when I wanted to experiment with 

 them. Of course the one who happened to climb up (per- 



