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STRUCTURE AND CLASSIFICATION OF BIRDS 



In Asia of/is there is a fleshy slip from pectoral to 

 longus tendon, and a fibrous slip from humerns to patagial 

 muscle just at origin of innermost brevis tendon. In Scops 

 Lempiji there are muscular slips to both longus and brevis 

 from the pectoral, and a fibrous slip from the humerus to 

 the longus tendon just at its origin. 



The humeral origin of the anconceus is always present. 



There is never an expansor secundariorum, so far as 

 is known. 



The pectoralis primus is not at all double. 



The only one of the leg muscles used by GARBOD in 

 classification that is present is the fcmoro-caudal, the 

 formula thus being A . Glutaeus I. is absent, glutseus V. 

 small. In Ketupa javanensis, however, V. is absent and I. not 

 quite so. Only one peroneal muscle is present, which is 

 attached to head of metacarpal. The tendon of insertion of 

 the tibialis antictis is divided ; in Puhatrix I found it to 

 be trifid at insertion, arid even the muscle itself was divided 

 into two for a short distance. 



The deep flexor tendons are of type I. In Ketupa 

 ceylonensis the two tendons blend a quarter of the way down 

 the tarso-metatarsus ; though blended the fibres can be 

 recognised, and it may be seen that those of flexor hallucis 

 mainly supply digits I., II., a small part only to rest of com- 

 mon tendon. 



Asio otus 

 Syrnium aluco 



,, nebulosum 

 Bubo ignavus 



virginianus . 



,, capensis 

 Ketupa javanensis 

 ,, ceylonensis 

 Athene noctua 



,, passerina . 

 Pulsatrix torquata 

 Speotyto cunicularia 

 Nyctea nivea 

 Surnia funerea 

 Gyrnnoglaux nudipes 



