STKUTHIONES 499 



serratus metapatagialis, the latissimus dor si metapatagialis, 

 and the pectoralis abdominalis. 



On the other hand Apteryx has lost what the other 

 struthious birds have retained, the latissimus dor si anterior 

 and the rhomboideus profundus ; the latter muscle, however, 

 is not distinguishable in the cassowary. 



It must be admitted, therefore, that Apteryx, so far as 

 concerns the anterior extremity, has diverged from the 

 hypothetical ancestral condition in slightly different lines from 

 other Struthiones. 



In the cassowary l both rhomboidei are present, but they 

 originate from ribs and not from the cervical vertebrae. 

 The rhomboideus profundus is parallel with and hardly dis- 

 tinguishable from a portion of the serratus profundus ; hence 

 FUEBRING-BE is indisposed to admit the existence of a sepa- 

 rate rhomboideus profundus. 



The serratus superficialis consists of two separate fan- 

 shaped bands of muscle. The coraco-brachialis interims is 

 entirely converted into tendon. The biceps originates only 

 from the coracoid, and ends without being definitely split 

 into two tendons upon both radius and ulna. There is only 

 one scapulo-humeralis muscle, which is, however, of fail- 

 size. 



The subscapularis is a single-headed muscle arising from 

 the scapula only. 



The anconceus has a single origin from the scapula, and 

 has no attachment to the humerus. 



In the hind limb all five ylutcci are present ; they are all 

 large, especially gl. I. and gl. V. The ambiens is absent as 

 a rule ; it is occasionally present, but is then imperfect, 

 reaching only as far as the knee. The semitendinosus and 

 its accessory are well developed. The femorocaudal is a 

 small slender muscle ; it is inserted in common with the 

 accessory, which is enormous in size. In Casuarius Bcnncttii 

 at any rate there is an additional adductor of peculiar origin ; 

 the muscle is two-headed, one head being a tendon which 



1 J. F. MECKEL, ' Beitrage zur Anatomie des indischen Casuars,' Arch. f. 

 Anat. u. Pliys. 1830, p. 200, 1832, p. 273. 



K K 2 



