LIVER. 



221 



the azygos vein, now passes to the vitelline portion of the inferior vena cava. 

 The original connection between the right subcardinal vein and the azygos 

 vein is destroyed. In short the vena cava inferior represents a combina- 

 tion of different veins. The part from the hepatic sinusoids to the heart 

 is derived from the original vitelline veins as shown in Fig. 245, B. The 

 distal part includes another vein secondarily joined to the former through 

 the adhesion of the right lobe of the liver to the dorsal abdominal wall. This 

 adhesion is of fundamental importance. It appears on the dorsal surface 

 of the adult liver (Fig. 249, c.l.} as a somewhat triangular area, uncovered 

 by peritonaeum, known as the coronary ligament. This ligament is in 

 reality an extension downward of the right triangular ligament. It is 

 usually described, however, as interposed between the right and left tri- 



f.l. v.um. 



FIG. 248. CROSS SECTION OF A MAMMALIAN 

 EMBRYO, TO SHOW THE ADHESION, x, BE- 

 TWEEN THE RIGHT LOBE OF THE LIVER AND 

 THE DORSAL ABDOMINAL WALL. 



ao., Aorta; f. c., fibrous capsule and serosa; f. 1., 

 falciform ligament; g. o., greater omentum; 

 1. O., lesser omentum; 1. s-c. v., left subcar- 

 dinal vein ; o. b., omental bursa ; r. s-c. v., right 

 subcardinal vein; St., stomach; v. um., left 

 umbilical vein. 



FIG. 249. DORSAL SURFACE OF THE ADULT 



LIVER. 

 c. 1., Coronary ligament; f. 1., falciform ligament; 



f. b., gall bladder; 1. o., lesser omentum; 1. t, 

 , left triangular ligament; O. b., caudate lobe 

 bounding the omental bursa ventrally; p. v.. 

 portal vein; r. 1., round ligament; r. 1. 1., right 

 triangular ligament; v. c. i., vena cava 

 inferior. 



angular ligaments. The coronary adhesion leads to the formation of the 

 foramen epiploicum [of Winslow] and bounds the superior recess of the 

 omental bursa (Figs. 248 and 249, o.b.}. The foramen and bursa are 

 further described in text books of anatomy. The development of the vena 

 cava is figured with the veins of the Wolfnan body, on page 246. 



The umbilical veins, one on either side, pass from the umbilical cord 

 through the lateral abdominal walls to the liver, which they enter through 

 the septum transversum. They connect with the sinusoids. The right um- 

 bilical vein subsequently becomes small and loses its connection with the 

 liver (Fig. 248). The left umbilical vein is gradually shifted to the median 

 ventral line and passes from the umbilicus to the liver along the free margin 

 of the falciform ligament. It maintains a distinct channel across the liver, 

 apparent on the lower hepatic surface. From the ventral margin to the 



