36 



THE RISE OF MAN. 



teeth and 20 molars ; yet it is well known that in the 

 higher races, the hindmost molars grow at a mature age 

 and are generally subject to early decay. It seems as if 

 the development of the brain implied a decrease in the 

 organs of mastication. The jaw bones grow smaller and 

 the facial angle approaches more and more nearly to 90. 

 The similarity between human and Simian teeth, how- 



HEAD OF PROBOSCIS MONKEY. 



After Brehm. After Wiedersheim. 



(Haeckel's Anthropogenic, p. 607.) ( Weltall und Menschheit, II, 145.) 



ever, is limited to the apes of the old world. Those of 

 America possess thirty-six teeth in all, and preserve more 

 the features of the lower mammals in this as well as in 

 other particulars. Their noses, too, are turned upward, 

 while the noses of the Old World apes all go downward. 

 Hence their name, Catarrhines, derived from the Greek 



kata 



downward," and rhinos, "nose." 



