CATALOGUE OF VERTEBRATES 539 



pale yellow brown ; young variously ochraceous, with yellow or 

 not. Length, 5 inches ; tail, 2 inches. 



"Abundant. Throughout the year this finch remains in loose 

 gangs, and after nidification they wander in flocks of from ten 

 to fifty. Graminivorous. Inoffensive." 



8. pinus, Wils. Pine Finch. Pine Linnet. Pine Siskin. 



Sexes alike ; plumage thickly streaked ; no black on head ; 

 bill very sharp ; in breeding season plumage suffused with 

 yellow. Length, 4f inches ; tail, 2 inches. A northern species. 

 Rare in New Jersey. 



" In the depths of winter a few are occasionally seen about 

 pine and cedar trees. Strictly inoffensive." 



OARDUBLIS, Briss. 



C. carduelis, L. European Goldfinch. 



Sexes alike ; fore part of head crimson ; hinder part of head 

 black ; rest of head white and buff; back brown, and upper 

 tail coverts white ; wings and tail black, marked with white 

 and yellow ; lower parts dull white ; sides and flanks cinnamon 

 brown. Length, 5 inches; tail, 2 inches. Introduced from 

 Europe. It breeds in Central Park, New York City, and in 

 parts of adjacent country. 



PASSER, Briss. 

 P. domesticus, L. European House Sparrow. English Sparrow. 



Male chestnut brown above, thickly streaked ; ashy below ; 

 throat, lores and chin black ; female duller, without black ; feet 

 small ; not streaked below ; wing with two white bands. Length,. 

 6 inches ; tail, 2J inches. Nest a bulky structure of dried grasses,, 

 lined with feathers, placed in nooks about houses, trees, &c. Eggs 

 four to seven, dull whitish, thickly speckled with dark brown and 

 purplish gray. Introduced into the United States 1853, is now 

 so abundant in cities as to be a nuisance. The tree sparrow*, 

 also introduced with preceding, has a chestnut crown and is 

 reported as being naturalized about St. Louis. As it is likely to- 

 spread, it is one of the forms to be on the lookout for. Accord- 

 ing to Bulletin No. 1, issued by the Division of Economic Orni- 



