DERMATOGLYPHICS IX PRIMATES 21 



and the nomenclature conforms as well. It must be appreci- 

 ated, however, that for configurational fields as well as pads 

 the representation is a composite or idealized scheme. No 

 single palm or sole of any genus would present the complete 

 series of patterns, though the full complement may be closely 

 approached (e.g., Aotus, figs. 126-149). 



In the sole there is one instance of failure of full conformity 

 between the plan of pads and the plan of configurational fields. 

 A defined calcar pad is lacking, but in the heel region a calcar 

 pattern is of fairly frequent occurrence. The morphological 

 identity of the calcar dermatoglyphic territory is obscure, 

 but we agree with Wilder ( '16) that it is perhaps best con- 

 sidered as a proximal extension of the hypothenar area. This 

 homology holds true if based upon skeletal relationships alone, 

 since in the palm the H p territory extends into the level of the 

 carpus, and the calcar dermatoglyphic area is similarly related 

 to the tarsus. This proximally extended portion of the sole, 

 however, does not bear a pad arid hence is not to be considered 

 strictly as the dermatoglyphic equivalent of the H p pad area 

 of the palm. While the whole calcar area may be interpreted 

 as an extension of the hypothenar region, the pattern which it 

 occasionally bears is a supplement to the morphologic plan, 

 and it has no pattern homologue in the palm because homolo- 

 gies in configurational fields must be referred to pads ; in the 

 sole the H p pad lies much farther distally. Calcar patterns 

 are accordingly not included in the analyses of pattern in- 

 tensity which follow, where comparisons between palm and 

 sole are requisite. The only items of questioned homology of 

 configurational fields in palm and sole involve the hypothenar, 

 which is mentioned above, and the thenar. It is likely that the 

 occasional separation of the plantar thenar configuration into 

 proximal and distal elements is related to elongation of the 

 sole, and that Th d alone is homologous to Th in the palm. 

 The proximal element, Th p , might thus be compared to the 

 similar association of H p and the calcar region in the sole. 



