xvn SPECIES OF CHIMPANZEE 579 



which a part is reproduced in Professor Huxley's essay referred 

 to below, 1 the Apes, which correspond roughly in their appearance 

 to Chimpanzees, are represented as being captured by the device 

 of limed boots, which the Apes are putting on. This idea has 

 been subsequently imitated and acted upon. A little later, Andrew 

 Battel wrote of the Pongo and of another creature the Engeco. 

 This latter, whatever may be the case with the former, is in all 

 probability the Chimpanzee, since the word 'Nchego, now applied 

 to those creatures, seems to be the same word. From this seems 

 also to be derived the sailor's term " Jacko." Whether there are 

 or are not more than one species of Chimpanzee, is a matter 

 which has exercised and perplexed naturalists. That there are 

 plain differences of external features, at any rate between in- 

 dividuals, is perfectly clear. We are justified in recognising 

 three forms, but the question of their specific distinctness may 

 for the present be held in reserve. The commonest of these is 

 the variety known as A. troglodytes. This is frequent in mena- 

 geries, though the specimens on view are nearly always young 

 and small. The face and the hands are flesh-coloured, and the 

 ears are very large. The black hair gets a reddish tinge on the 

 flanks. The second variety is that which was termed by du 

 Chaillu Troglodytes Jcooloo-kamba. This animal appears to be 

 also the T. aiibryi of MM. Gratiolet and Alix, 2 and to be identical 

 with two Apes known by the names of " Mafuca " and " Johanna." 3 

 The former of these was exhibited in Dresden, the latter at 

 Messrs. Barnum and Bailey's show. The two animals have been 

 carefully studied. They differ from the common Chimpanzee by 

 the dark colour of the face, and in the case of Mafuca the ear 

 was Gorilline in form. So too was the ear of A. aubryi, while 

 Johanna has a larger one. These features have led to the sug- 

 gestion that the Kooloo-kamba was the result of a mesalliance 

 between a Gorilla and a common Chimpanzee. 



It has at any rate been stated that the two Anthropoids do 

 go about in company; but there seems to be little doubt that 

 there is no question here of a hybrid. Dr. Keith's careful 

 studies 4 upon Johanna have demonstrated the impossibility of 



1 "Man's Place in Nature," vol. vii. of Collected Essays, London, 1894. 



2 Hartmann's "Anthropoid Apes," in International Sci. Ser. London, 1885. 



3 Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, ii. 1866. 



4 Proc. Zool. Soc. 1899, p. 296. 



