416 CAPE HUNTING DOG CHAP. 



likeness of some of the cheek teeth to those of the more primitive 

 Arctoids. The angle of the lower jaw is inflected, a character, 

 however, which seems to be more general than is usually allowed 

 among animals not referable to the Marsupials. It is possible 

 that Otocyon is a persistent Creodont-like form which has 

 developed in a direction curiously, and in a most detailed 

 fashion, parallel to the Dogs. If, however, we may assume the 

 addition of the molar, then this anomalous but not necessarily 

 untenable conclusion is obviated. 



The genus Cuon, or Cyon, has been instituted for the two or 

 three species of Eastern Dogs (C. primaevus, C. dukkunensis, etc.) 

 which agree with each other in the constant loss of a molar in 

 the lower jaw, or, it should be said, almost constant loss, for 

 the missing tooth is occasionally represented. The latter of the 

 two species mentioned, the Dhole, is, like its congeners, an 

 animal which hunts in packs ; it is said to hunt even the 

 ferocious Tiger, and to be thus one of the few animals which can 

 face the largest and fiercest of the Carnivora. 



The genus Lycaon is a very distinct type, being differentiated 

 from other Dogs by the possession of only four toes on both 

 fore- and hind-limbs, and by the dental formula, which is Pm ^ 

 M . The one species is L. pictus, the Cape Hunting Dog. It is 

 singularly like a Hyaena 1 in general appearance ; the ochraceous 

 grey ground-colour with black markings and the long ears pro- 

 duce this likeness. The animal has got its vernacular name 

 from the habit of hunting in packs. Its range is over a good 

 part of Africa. The occurrence of this species (or at least genus, 

 for the name L. anglicus has been used) in caves in Glamorgan- 

 shire seems to show that it is a comparatively recent immigrant 

 into Africa. As to its visceral structures, Lycaon^ does not differ 

 widely from other Dogs. It has, however, no lytta beneath the 

 tongue. The intestines are thus divided : large, 9 feet 1 inch ; 

 small, 1 foot 3 inches. This contrasts with the proportions 

 observable in some other Dogs. While other Dogs have but a 

 cartilaginous rudiment of the clavicle, Lycaon has a considerably 

 larger representative of this bone. 



The bulk of the Dogs, Wolves, Foxes, and Jackals are thus 

 left over for inclusion in the genus Oanis. But the numerous 



1 Temminck, its original describer, placed it in the genus Hyaena. 

 2 See Garrod, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1878, p. 373. 



