526 GENERA OF FRUIT BATS CHAP. 



three remaining below; while there is but one molar in each 

 upper jaw, and two in each lower. Dr. Dobson has studied 

 the structure of the remarkable pharyngeal sa'cs which exist in 

 the neck of the male, and are capable of inflation. 



Pteralopex of the Solomon Islands has shorter ears than have 

 many Pteropus, otherwise its external characters are the same. 

 As in Pteropus nicobaricus, this genus has the orbits shut off by a 

 bony ring, an extremely rare phenomenon in Bats. The canines 

 have two cusps. The characters of the grinding teeth have 

 already been mentioned. It is uncertain whether the only 

 species of this genus, P. atrata, is, or is not, a vegetable feeder. 

 Harpyia has shortish ears and extraordinarily prolonged and 

 tubular nostrils. There is a hint of the accessory cusp to the 

 canines mentioned above in Pteralopex. The incisors are reduced 

 to one on each upper jaw, and none below. Cynopterus has also 

 often bituberculate canines. It is an Oriental genus with several 

 species. 



Nesonycteris, with one species from the Solomon Islands, N. 

 ivoodfordi. has the dental formula I ^ C ^ Pm |^ M -|. The index 

 finger has no claw ; the tail is absent. The premaxillae are 

 separated anteriorly. 



Eonycteris, with a single cave-dwelling species from Burmah, 

 E. spelaea, has also no claw upon the index ; the tooth formula 

 is fuller by reason of the presence of an additional incisor below. 

 The tongue is very long and is armed with papillae. There is a 

 short but distinct tail. 



Notopteris, from New Guinea and the Fiji Islands, is dis- 

 tinguished from the related genera by its long tail. 



The remaining genera of Fruit Bats are Boneia, Harpyionyc- 

 teris, Cephalotes, Callinycteris, and Macroglossus, from the Oriental 

 region, and Scotonycteris, Liponyx, and Megaloglossus from the 

 Ethiopian region ; finally, there is the Australian Melonycteris. 



SUB-ORDER 2. MICEOCHIEOPTEEA. 



The members of this sub-order are mostly insectivorous though 

 occasionally " frugivorous or sanguivorous " Bats. The molars are 

 multicuspid with sharp cusps. The palate is not continued back 

 behind the last molar. The second finger has but one phalanx, or 



