FUNGI 



FIG. 314. A, diagrammatic transverse section of 

 barberry leaf with secidia, a, b, and antherids. 

 s (slightly magnified). B, uredospores, 11, and 

 teleutospore, t. C, germinating uredospore 

 (S and C x 390). D, teleutospores. , germi- 

 nating teleutospore : promycele, /, and spo- 

 rids, sp ( x 400). (A , , D, and E of Pnccinia 

 ^graminis, C of P. straminis Fckl., F teleuto- 

 spore of A coronata Cord., X 300). G, teleuto- 

 spore of Phragmidium incrassatum Link, 

 (x 300). -04, .F and G, after Luerssen ; B D, 

 after de Bary ; E, after Tulasne.) 



earliest stage it appears to consist 

 of a densely interwoven mass of 

 hyphse situated in the subepi- 

 dermal parenchyme of the leaf. 

 This gradually increases in bulk 

 and displaces the surrounding 

 tissue. As it grows the hyphse in- 

 crease in size, and the shape of 

 the whole becomes more definitely 

 spherical. Within the base of this 

 sphere the hymenium is developed, 

 and consists of a continuous layer 

 of club-shaped basids, from the sum- 

 mit of each of which is produced in 

 basipetal succession a single series 

 of (Ztidiospores. Enclosing the 

 sporal mass is a single layer of 

 pseudo-parenchymatous cells aris- 

 ing from the margin of the hyme- 

 nium, and arching over the top of 

 the spores. The cells composing 

 the envelope are larger than the 

 spores, and possess thicker walls, 

 while their clearer contents contrast 

 with the orange-coloured spores. 

 The enlargement of the whole 

 body increases until the epiderm is 

 ruptured, while the tissues of the 

 host are pushed aside and com- 

 pressed. After the rupture of the 

 epiderm the envelope bursts at the 

 apex, and curves back, forming the 

 lip of a cup-shaped body ; the 

 sporal mass is farther elevated and 

 the spores escape. These sporo- 

 carps are situated on the under sur- 

 face of the leaf, but accompanying 

 them on the upper surface there are 

 to be found numerous flask-shaped 

 antherids containing pollinoids 

 produced at the apices of ste- 

 rigmata, and in all points recalling 



