HARD PARTS OF THE GRASSHOPPER. 243 



indicate that the epicranium is made by the fusion, along 

 the median line, of two originally separate pieces. Run- 

 ning across the narrow portion between the upper ends of 

 the eyes is an obscure ridge which separates the occipital 

 portion from the frontal, and may indicate the union of 

 two originally separate segments. 



b. The large, projecting, oval, highly polished compound 

 eyes (Figs. 129 and 130, c-), are situated upon the upper 

 portion of the sides of the head. They are marked with 

 parallel vertical bands of brown pigment ; and with a lens 

 the many thousand hexagonal facets or cornea? of the com- 

 pound eye may be seen. 



c. A little anterior to the upper margin of each of the 

 compound eyes is a convex oval area, in which the integu- 

 ment is so thin and transparent that the white subjacent 

 tissue may be seen. These spots are the ocelli (Fig. 



129, 6). A third ocellus is situated between the antennae 

 on the median line of the epicranium. 



d. Between the eye and the narrow frontal portion of 

 the epicranium is an oval area, the antennary fossa, in the 

 centre of which the basal joint of the antenna is fastened 

 by a flexible membrane, which admits of motion in all 

 directions. The antenna itself (Figs. 129 and 130, a) 

 is made up of a small basal joint and twenty-six movable 

 rings, Avhich gradually increase in length from the base to 

 the tip. 



e. The lower straight edge of the epicranium articulates 

 with a wide, short plate, the clypeus (Figs. 129 and 



130, e), the sides of which are deeply notched, and show 

 traces of a division (/) into two plates. 



/. In front of this is the movable, flap-like labrum 

 (Figs. 129 and 130, g, g, g), the free edge of which is 

 deeply notched upon the median line. This notch is the 



