388 THE PROTOZOA 



blood-corpuscles singly, but their growth and multiplication were not ob- 

 served. The parasite appears to develop in red corpuscles, which it finally 

 fills completely, breaking up the nucleus ; no pigment is formed. The youngest 

 forms show sometimes a grain near the nucleus, possibly a kinetonucleus. 

 With the bodies desciibed by Neumann may be compared those observed 

 by Mathis and Leger (473, pp. 417-419, Plate XIIL, Figs. 12-16) in a fish, 

 Clarias macrocepholus ; possibly they have some connection with the trypano- 

 some found in the same host. 



Immanoplasma scyUii, Neumann (488), is a parasite of the red blood- 

 corpuscles of Scyllium canicula. It grows to a size of 30 by 20 , and in life 

 is feebly amoeboid. Its protoplasm stains very deep blue by the Romano wsky 

 stain, and its nucleus appears usually as if separate from the rest of the body 

 of the parasite, lying apparently free from it in the blood- corpuscle. Some 

 forms of the parasite have paler protoplasm with a larger nucleus, others 

 darker protoplasm with a smaller nucleus ; the two forms are possibly male 

 and female. No pigment is produced. The development of the parasite 

 remains at present unknown. 



Finally mention must be made of the so-called " Kurloff-Demel bodies," 

 found in the leucocytes of the guinea-pig. According to Patella (755) they 

 are true "leucocytozoa," but according to Mathis and Leger (473) they are 

 not of parasitic nature. A memoir will be published shortly by Dr. E. H. Ross, 

 however, in which it will be shown that the Kurloff-bodies are true parasites, 

 representing, apparently, a stage of a motile organism, probably a spirochsete, 

 found free in the blood. The author proposes for this parasite the name 

 Lymphocytozoon cdbayce. 



Affinities of the Hcemosporidia. Two opposed and conflicting 

 theories with regard to the systematic position of the Haemosporidia 

 hold the field at the present time. 



1. The older and more generally accepted view is that the 

 Hsemosporidia are closely allied to the Coccidia, sufficiently so, 

 in fact, to be classed with them in a single order. Thus, Doflein 

 divides the Telosporidia into two orders, the Gregarinoidea and 

 the Coccidiomorpha, the latter comprising two subdivisions, Coc- 

 cidia and Haemosporidia ; while Mesnil placed the Haemosporidia, 

 together with the genus Legerella, amongst the Coccidia in an 

 order Asporocystea, characterized by the absence of sporocysts 

 in the oocyst, a character that cannot be utilized in this manner 

 now that some haemogregarines have been shown to form sporocysts. 



2. Hartmann and others (e.g., Awerinzew) maintain that the 

 Hsemosporidia should be removed altogether from the Sporozoa, 

 and should be classed, together with the Haemoflagellates, as an 

 order of the Flagellata, for which the name Binucleata is pro- 

 posed, since the chief structural feature common to all members of 

 the order is supposed to be the possession of two differentiated 

 nuclei, a kinetonucleus and a trophonucleus, distinct from each 

 other. 



It must be clearly understood that the theory of the Binucleata, as pro- 

 pounded by Hartmann and his school, is not merely one of a general relation- 

 ship between Haemosporidia and Flagellata. This wider point of view will 

 be discussed when the affinities of the Telosporidia as a whole are considered. 

 The question at present under discussion is whether the Haemosporidia, more 



