The Structure and Special Physiology of Insects 2 1 



in the paired arrangement of the spiracles and tracheal trunks leading from 

 them, a segmental condition is obvious. The central nervous system consists 



FIG. 41. Larva of giant crane-fly, Holorusia rubiginosa. A, entire; B, dissected, show- 

 ing all organs except the muscles and ventral nerve-chain, h., head; ant., antenna; 

 i.b.res., imaginal bud of pupal respiratory tube; i.b.wg., imaginal bud of wing; 

 i.b.msj., imaginal bud of mesothoracic leg; i.b.h., imaginal bud of balancer; 

 i.b.mt.1., imaginal bud of metathoracic leg (the imaginal buds of fore' legs are con- 

 cealed by head-capsule) ; sal.gl., salivary gland (the other salivary gland is removed) ; 

 br., brain; ces., oesophagus; prov., proventriculus; susp., suspensorium ; g.c., gastric 

 coecum; vent., ventriculus; tr., trachea; ad.tis., adipose tissue; mal.lub., Malpi- 

 ghian tubule; d.v., dorsal vessel; w.m., wing-muscles of pericardium; sm.int., 

 small intestine; tes., testis; int.c., intestinal caecum; v.d., vas deferens; Lint., large 

 intestine; sp., spiracle; term.pr., terminal processes. (Twice natural size.) 



of a brain and a ventral chain of pairs of ganglia segmentally arranged and 

 connected by a pair of longitudinal cords or commissures (Figs. 42, 43, 44). 

 The two members of each of the pairs of ganglia as well as of the pair of 



