202 



PLATHELMINTHES 



Fig. 329 Multi- 

 ceps multiceps 



(Ransom), 

 ripe segment. 



about 50 hooks: in the cat; cysticereus (C. fasciolaris) in the liver of the 

 mouse and rat, where it forms a conspicuous tumor, and is peculiar in that 

 it consists of a scolex and a number of segments, the 

 latter, however, degenerating on arriving in the cat's 

 intestine and the scolex developing a new strobila; very 

 common. 



2. MULTICEPS Goeze. Like Tcenia but with a large 

 cysticereus from the inner wall of which many scolices 

 project into the interior: about 6 species. 



M. multiceps (Leske) (Tcenia ccenurus von Sie- 

 bold). The gid tapeworm* (Fig. 329). Length up to 

 60 cm. ; terminal segments 5 mm. long and 2 mm. broad, 

 containing a uterus with about 22 branches on each side ; 

 rostellum with 2 rows of about 30 hooks: in the dog; 

 cysticereus (Caenurus cerebralis), which is 25 mm. in 

 diameter or larger and spherical and 

 contains hundreds of scolices, lives in 

 the brain or spinal cord of sheep and 

 occasionally cattle, causing gid or stag- 

 gers; northwestern states; Europe; often killing great 

 number of sheep. 



3. ECHINOCOCCUS Rudolphi. Like Tcenia, but with 

 a large cysticereus from the inner wall of which capsules 

 of scolices project into the interior: several species. 



E. granulosus (Batsch) (Tcenia echinococcus von 

 Siebold). The echinococcus tapeworm (Fig. 330). 

 Length up to 5 mm., with but 3 -or 4 segments; rostellum 

 prominent, with 2 rows of about 40 hooks: in the dog; 

 cysticereus (Echinococcus polymorphus) lives in the 

 liver or other organs of sheep, pigs, cattle, or other 

 animals, and also in man, when it is called a hydatid 

 cyst, and as it may grow to be half a foot in diameter 

 and to weigh several- pounds and contains thousands of 

 scolices, it may cause death; often common in Europe 

 but apparently rare in this country; infection obtained directly from the 

 hair or tongue of dogs. 



ORDER 4. TRYPANORHYNCHA. 



Scolex very long, composed of 2 portions, a head which has 2 or 4 

 bothria and 4 retractile and spinose proboscides, and a long head stalk; 



Fig. 330 



Echinococcus 



granulosua 



(Braun). 



* See "The Gid Parasite," etc., by B. H. Ransom, Bull. 66, Bur. An. Ind., U. S. 

 Dept. Ag., 1905. "The Gid Parasite," etc., by M. C. Hall, Bull. 125, ditto, 1910. 



