306 HAYES, HALL AND OTHER ADVENTURERS 



"This point, the most northern land that has ever been reached, 

 was visited by the undersigned, May 18, 19, 1861, accompanied by 

 George F. Knorr, traveling with a dog-sledge. We arrived here 

 after a toilsome march of forty-six days from my winter harbor, 

 near Cape Alexander, at the mouth of Smith Sound. My observa- 

 tions place us in latitude 81 degrees 35 minutes, longitude 70 degrees 

 30 minutes west. Our further progress was stopped by rotten ice 

 and cracks. Kennedy Channel appears to expand into the Polar 

 Basin ; and, satisfied that it is navigable at least during the months 

 of July, August, and September, I go hence to my winter harbor, 

 to make another trial to get through Smith Sound with my vessel, 

 after the ice breaks up this summer. I. I. HAYES. 



"May 19, 1861." 



It must suffice here to state that no further discovery was made, 

 and that in the following summer the explorer brought his vessel, 

 the "United States," back to the country whose name it bore. Dr. 

 Hayes made another voyage in 1869, but on this occasion confined 

 his trip to Southern Greenland. 



At the time of Hayes's first voyage north another American 

 explorer of note was making his pioneer trip to the Arctic seas. 

 This was Charles Francis Hall, a man who from boyhood had made 

 the polar regions the goal of his desires. His means were very 

 limited, but he succeeded in interesting some friends in his project, 

 which at first was confined to a search for relics of the Sir John 

 Franklin expedition. Henry Grinnell, the patron of the Kane expe- 

 dition, was among those who aided him, and he set out in 1860 on 

 a voyage which yielded no notable results except the discovery in 

 Frobisher Strait of relics of the visit of Martin Frobisher, three 

 centuries before. 



A second voyage was made in 1864, it being 1869 before he 

 returned to the United States. During this long absence he devoted 

 himself to an enthusiastic search for relics of the Franklin party, 

 pushing westward as far as King William's Land, and finding or 



