

CONTENTS 



PAGE 



INTRODUCTION 1 



PART I. GENERAL BOTANY 



SECTION I.' MORPHOLOGY 

 I. EXTERNAL MORPHOLOGY 



The development of form in the plant kingdom . . . .11 



The shoot ......... 18 



Metamorphosis of the shoot . . . . . . .23 



Leaves ......... 30 



Metamorphosis of leaves . . . . . . .43 



The root .......... 45 



Metamorphosis of the root . . . . . . .48 



Members of independent origin . . . . . . .49 



II. INTERNAL MORPHOLOGY 

 (Histology and Anatomy) 



The cell ... 52 



Protoplasm ......... 54 



Cell wall 63 



Inclusions of the protoplasm . . . . . . .73 



Cell sap ......... 79 



Ontogeny of the cell ........ 80 



Cell fusions . . . . . . . .93 



Tissues .......... 97 



Primary tissues ......... 100 



Secondary tissues . . . . . . . .127 



Regeneration . . . . . . . . .151 



Phylogeny of the internal structure ...... 152 



Ontogeny of the internal structure ...... 154 



Structural deviations 165 



