SECT. 1 



PHANEROGAMIA 



573 



superior and the .small petals bear nectaries ; the conspicuous calyx renders the 

 flower attractive. In the American genus Cabomba the flowers are trimerous and 

 the pistil is apocarpous. The finely divided, submerged leaves differ in appearance 

 from the entire, floating leaves. The carpels are also free in Nehtmbium, both the 

 leaves and flowers of which are raised above the surface of the water. Victoria 



FIG. 585. Nymphaea. 

 Floral (liaf^ram. 



!'!.,. :,sii. -.1, Floral diagram. IS, Fruit of (Jubmnlm aquotii-n 

 showing two carpels developed as partial fruits. (At't>-i 

 HAIULON. x 4.) 



reyia from the Amazon, and Euryale ferox from tropical Asia, have gigantic 

 floating leaves ; they are often cultivated in Botanic Gardens. 



The family of the Ceratophyllaceae with the single genus Ceratophyllum may 

 be placed here. The plants which often occur in masses are submerged aquatics. 



Family 2. Ranunculaceae (-). Herbs or rarely woody plants 

 with alternate, exstipulate leaves. Flowers hermaphrodite, the 

 members in many cases arranged spirally. Perianth either forming 



B 



Fi<;. 08". Flora', diagrams of Ranuiu'iilaceaf. .(, Anemone nemarosa. B, Ailnnix nut unman.*. 

 i'. Ai-nnitiiiii niijn'llii*. 1> A</iiilrijiu <-/;/n/-ix. l-:,:<"iini<'ifmj ,n<cemai<n. (After EICHLEIS.) 



a simple perigone or differentiated into calyx and corolla. Stamens 

 indefinite. Pollen -grains with at least three places of exit for the 

 pollen -tubes. Carpels three to indefinite, borne on the convex 

 receptacle, and forming an apocarpous, superior ovary. Ovules, 

 borne on the ventral suture, singly or in numbers. The partial 

 fruits are follicles, achenes, or berries. Seed with a small embryo 

 enclosed within the large, oily endosperm (Figs. 587-597). 



