SECT. II 



PHANEROGAMIC 



595 



opposite the petals at the inner margin of the disc. Petals narrow, white. Ovary 

 superior. Only tin- middle flower of the dichasium is hermaphrodite and fertile, 

 the lateral flowers are. male and have a reduced gynaeceum. Fruit star-shaped, 

 composed of partial fruits. Each carpel dehisces by splitting into two valves. 

 Seeds winged. 



(6) Pomecu.: These are distinguished from the other Rosaceae by their inferior 

 ovary, which usually consists of five carpels bound together by the hollow floral 

 receptacle so that only the styles are free. Each carpel contains one to many 

 ovules. The fruit resembles a berry, the floral receptacle becoming succulent. 

 The boundaries of the separate loculi are formed of parchment-like or stony tissue. 

 The seeds are i.-xalbuminous and enclose a well-developed embryo with fleshy coty- 



Kli.. I ,-_'_'. l>nill,ljit >>'/'""((. (* Hilt. 



After A. MKVKK ami SCHCM ANN.) 



Kli.. (>>:'.. /'/// ii. < main*. Flowering slioot, 

 sin-tie flower, ami fruit in longitudinal 

 section. (J nat. si/c. ) 



ledons. I'lirux Hial-uti, Apple (Fig. 621, 3 ; Fig. 623) and P. co'tumunis, the Pear, are 

 im]M>rtiint and long-cultivated fruit trees, of which numerous varieties are grown. 

 < ',i,l, ,n in I-II/I/HI-IS, the Quince, has large, solitary, rose-coloured flowers. The fruits 

 are in shape like an apple or pear, covered with tine woolly hairs and with a pleasant 

 scent, though not edible when uncooked. In Mespilus yermanica, the Medlar, 

 the fruit has an apical depression surrounded by the remains of the calyx. The 

 evergreen Eriobotrya japonica, is commonly planted in the Mediterranean region ; 

 fruits contain several large seeds, and are succulent, having an acid flavour. 

 Sorbus (Pyrus) aucuparia, the Rowan. Crataegus (Mespilus) oxycantha, the 

 Hawthorn, in hedges or planted as an ornamental tree. 



(c) Roseae. Floral axis concave, pitcher-shaped, with one t<> many free 

 carpels, each of which encloses 1-2 ovules. The partial fruits are nut-like, and are 

 enclosed by the hollowed floral axis. Rosa with numerous species, varieties and 



