SECT. II 



PHANEROGAMIA 



579 



Cinacifuga racemosa. HYDRASTIS RHIZOMA from the. North American Hydrasti 

 eanadensis (Fig. 597), a perennial herb which sends its subaerial shoots up from 

 the subterranean rhizome ; the base of the shoot has keeled scale leaves in two 

 ranks. The flowers are solitary and terminate the shoots, each of which bears 

 two foliage leaves. The simple, white perianth falls when the flower opens. The 

 androecium and the apocarpous gynaeceum consist of numerous members. The 

 fruit consists of numerous, small berries, each of which includes 1-2 seeds. 

 The alkaloid HYDUASTINE is obtained from the rhizome. 



Family 3. Magnoliaceae. Woody plants from tropical and temperate America 

 and Asia. The leaves are alternate and usually provided with stipules, which 



Fu;. ."I'.Ki. Ai-mtitiDii I ycoctonum (J nat. size). Po/soxoi'n. 



protect the structures in the bud. Flowers and fruit as in the Ranunculaceae, 

 but the- pollen-grains have only one place of exit for the pollen-tube. Oil-cells in 

 stem and leaf. Species of Magnolia are largely cultivated on account of their 

 showy flowers. Liriodendron (Tulip tree) N. America. 



OFFICIAL. ANISI STELLATI FRUCTUS, Star-anise, is obtained from Illicium 

 anisatum (China). The fruits of Illicium reliyiosum (Japan) are poisonous. 



Family 4. Anonaceae. Woody plants of tropical Asia and America. K3, 

 03 + 3, in other respects like the preceding families. 'Seeds with ruminated 

 endosperm. Species of Anona yield succulent fruits. A perfume is obtained 

 from Caiianga odorata. 



Family 5. Myristicaceae (- 1 ). Tropical, woody plants. Dioecious. Myristica 

 fragrans (Figs. 598, 599). The male and female flowers are similar in appear- 

 ance and resemble those of the Lily of the Valley ; perianth simple, trimerous. 



