644 



BOTANY 



simple, cordate leaves. Flowers with simple, gamophyllous perianth. Androeciurn 

 and gynaeceum united to form a gynostemiuin. P3, A64-6, (Mi . Interior. 

 septate ovary. Fruit a capsule. 



Asarum eurojmeum occurs in Britain ; flowers actinomorphic. Aristufucliin 

 clematitis (Fig. 707) has sygomorphic, protogynous flowers whieli are pollinated 

 by small insects (cf. Fig. 243, p. 312). An erect herb with large, alternate' leaves, 

 bearing the numerous flowers in their axils. 



Family '1. Santalaceae C :(7 ). Green plants growing in the soil and parasitic 



Fin. 70s. !"/>< i 'ill, inn. With ttowris and fruits, (i nut. si/r.) 



on the roots of other plants from which their haustoria obtain nutrient materials. 

 In Britain, Thesium. 



OFFICIAL. Santalum album, the wood of which when distilled yields OLEUM 

 SA.NTALI. The wood is also of economic value. 



Family 3. Loranthaceae ( :i8 ). Leafy, parasitic shrubs, living on the branches of 

 trees. They are most abundant in the tropics, and, for instance in South America, 

 add to the beauty of the forest by their brightly coloured flowers. 



Loranthus europaeus, on Oaks in Europe. In Britain l r iscum album(ig. 708), 

 the Mistletoe, occurs as an evergreen parasite on a number of trees. It has opposite, 

 obovate leaves. Stem swollen at the nodes. The inconspicuous flowers open in 

 early spring ; they are diclinous and dioecious, usually bimerous, and are borne in 

 five-flowered dichasia. The white berries ripen during the winter (December to 

 March) and are eaten by birds. By means of a viscid layer of the periearp they 



