646 



BOTANY 



PART II 



occurs on both dry ami wet soils in western Europe. It ascends into 

 alpine regions, and by itself or in association with a tew other plants rover.- 

 extensive tracts of country known as heaths or moors. '2. Ar)>nti<\ Flowers 

 pentamerous. Corolla deciduous. Aiiilriniil<i occurs on moors in the northern 

 hemisphere ; fruit, a capsule. Afi-tnn/c/i/iytos Uva m-si. ciiviini]>olar. in similar 

 localities, has small, entire, leathery leaves. Fruit, a live-seeded drupe 1 i_ 

 710). 3. Rhodorcac. Corolla deciduous. Capsule septioidaL ]!1<<xlodendron, 

 Alpine Rose. There are a few European species ; many t'orins. especially Asiatic 

 species, are cultivated as ornamental sliruhs. Lalum //////..// is a poisonous, evea 

 green shrub, occurring on moors in Europe : leaves rolled round at the DUrgini ; 

 beautiful white umbels of flowers. Corolla polypetalous, star-shaped. 



B. Ovary inferior: Voceincae. Vaccinium myrtillus, Blaeberry. i> a 1\\ . 

 deciduous, shrubby plant. l r . ritis idaea, Cowberry, is evergreen, and together 

 with the preceding species is found in hilly regions. 



FIG. 710. Arctostiijihiilos I'm tirsi. 1, Flowering branch ; .'. Mowers in longitudinal M-ction : 9, 

 ixillen-j^-ains ; I,, fruit ; . r >, fruit in transverse section. (After BERC ;m<l SCHMIHT.) 



OFFICIAL. Arctostajihylos UTU in-*i yields i VAK n:.si KUI.IA. 



Family 2. Pyrolaceae. Perennial, sometimes evergreen, herbsoaoUB plants. 

 Corolla often polypetalous. Seeds very small ; embryo composed of only a few 

 cells. Pyrohi. several British species, with the flowers solitary or in racemes. 

 Monotropaw a saprophyte devoid of chlorophyll. M. hyjwpitys, Bird's Nest, occurs 

 rarely in woods, has a yellowish, succulent stem, bearing scale leaves below and 

 ending in a racemose inflorescence with a few flowers. 



Order 2. Diospyrinae 



Actinomorphic, usually pentamerous flowers with a diplostenionous androecium. 

 Antisepalous stamens frequently reduced. The Sapotaceae is a tropical family ; 

 the plants contain latex. Species of Palaquium and Payena from the Malayan 

 Archipelago are the trees from which gutta-percha i.> obtained. Flowers hexa- 

 merous (Fig. 711). Balata is obtained from Mini usu/i* ; trees found throughout 

 the tropics. 



Ebenaceae. Diimpyros Kuki is a Japanese fruit tree ; ]>. W>< HH,,I. ebony. 



Styracaceae. The origin of Benzoin (BENZOIXUM), an official resin, from 

 Styrax Benzoin, though generally assumed, is open to doubt. 



