v MR. DARWIN'S CRITICS 177 



able to develop such singular intelligence ? The 

 wolf stands to the dog in the same relation as the 

 savage to the man ; and, therefore, if Mr. Wallace's 

 doctrine holds good, a higher power must have 

 superintended the breeding up of wolves from 

 some inferior stock, in order to prepare them to 

 become dogs. 



Mr. Wallace further maintains that the origin 

 of some of man's mental faculties by the preserva- 

 tion of useful variations is not possible. Such, 

 for example, are " the capacity to form ideal con- 

 ceptions of space and time, of eternity and infin- 

 ity; the capacity for intense artistic feelings of 

 pleasure in form, colour, and composition ; and for 

 those abstract notions of form and number which 

 render geometry and arithmetic possible." " How," 

 he asks, " were all or any of these faculties first 

 developed, when they could have been of no pos- 

 sible use to man in his early stages of barbarism ? " 



Surely the answer is not far to seek. The 

 lowest savages are as devoid of any such concep- 

 tions as the brutes themselves. What sort of 

 conceptions of space and time, of form and num- 

 ber, can be possessed by a savage who has not got 

 so far as to be able to count beyond five or six, who 

 does not know how to draw a triangle or a circle, 

 and has not the remotest notion of separating the 

 particular quality we call form, from the other 

 qualities of bodies ? None of these capacities are 

 exhibited by men, unless they form part of a 



