vi PREFACE 



the field and on the seashore, is absolutely necessary 

 in order that any sound knowledge of zoology may 

 be attained. The present manual does not provide 

 such instruction, but is intended to be used in asso- 

 ciation with it ; and, with this end in view, the examples 

 selected for description are such as may, under most 

 circumstances, be readily obtained. 



The general plan is similar to that followed in 

 our ' Text-book of Zoology/ but the restricted space 

 has necessitated considerable modifications. 



Owing to the lamented death of Professor T. 

 Jeffery Parker, at a time when but little progress had 

 been made with this work, his actual share in it has 

 been but slight : but as the general plan of the work 

 was arranged between us, and the earlier parts had 

 the advantage of his revision, and more especially as 

 this smaller Manual owes a great deal to his work 

 in the " Text-book," it has been thought right to let 

 the present work appear under our joint names as 

 originally intended. 



I have to express very great indebtedness to 

 Professor W. N. Parker for the pains he has 

 taken in revising the proof-sheets, and for many 

 valuable suggestions which he has made during the 

 progress of the work. 



WILLIAM A. HASWELL. 



