136 SYNOPTIC COLLECTION. 



disappeared. Budding takes place from the edge of the 

 cup and a spreading form results. 



Lithostrotion canadense Castelnau (No. 218), is another 

 colonial form in which the vertical septa and columella 

 are clearly shown ; the tabulae are seen on a broken sur- 

 face. 



Turbinolia sessilis Blainv. (No. 219), of the family 

 Turbinolidae is a single coral of more recent date. It has 

 a columella projecting in the center (although not shown 

 in the specimen) and the septa are arranged radially. 



A single, deep-sea form is Caryophyllia (No. 220, 

 C. smithi var. castanea). This is a most instructive speci-. 

 men, for it exhibits the striking similarity between a sea 

 anemone and a coral animal. The epitheca is formed 

 around the lower part of the body. The septa of the 

 skeleton are numerous and the larger ones predominate. 

 In the center is a twisted columella. 



Oculina (No. 221), is one of the irregular branching 

 corals with rounded tips. The corallites are distinct, 

 with the coenenchyma showing plainly near the base but 

 almost wholly disappearing at the ends of the branches. 



The colonial Pocillopora, represented by the large, 

 handsome specimen on the lowest shelf of the erect por- 

 tion of Section 4 (No. 222, P. nobilis Verr.), has stout 

 obtuse branches. As in Oculina, the corallites on the 

 sides of the branches are separated by the coenenchyma, 

 but at the ends they are crowded closely together. The 

 tabulae show finely in a side view. The columella is 

 sometimes well developed but in other specimens poorly. 

 This coral increases by budding and rarely by fission. 

 The thecae in Pocillopora are divided by a long median 

 septum ; the other septa in this genus and in the beauti- 

 ful Seriatopora (No. 223, see lowest shelf), are minute, 

 and in the latter genus the tabulae are scarcely visible. 



The family Astraeidae is a large one, including many 

 genera. Antillia explanata Pourtales ( = Lithophyllia 



