COMMON PIGEON. 57 



The generative system is the same as in all birds. A rudiment of the right 

 ovary is rarely detectable ; but there is frequently a rudiment of the oviduct of that 

 side. There is no intromittent organ. 



Birds, W. K. Parker and A. Newton, Encyclopaedia Britannica (gth ed.), 

 iii. Aves, Selenka and Gadow, Bronn's Klas. und Ordn. des Thierreichs, vi. 

 Abth. iv. (in progress). 



Points in Anatomy of Columbae, Garrod, P. Z. S. 1874. 



Columba livia. Yarrell, History of British Birds, 4th ed. by Newton and 

 Saunders, iii. p. 13; or Seebohm, British Birds and their Eggs, ii. p. 405. 



Pigeon. T. J. Parker, Zootomy, London, 1884, p. 209. 



Integument, General account, Jeffries, Proc. Nat. Soc. Boston, xxii. 1882-83. 

 Skin of foot. Hanau, Inaugural Dissertation, Bonn, 1881. Epitrichium and beak. 

 Gardiner, A. M. A. xxiv. 1884. Feathers. Studer, Inaugural Dissertation, Berne, 

 1873. Id. Z. W. Z. xxx. 1878. Waldeyer, Festgabe zu Jacob Henle, Bonn, 1882. 

 Pterylography. Nitsche, Ray Society, 1867 (transl. by Sclater). Uropygial gland. 

 Kossmann, Z. W. Z. xxi. 1870-71. Cutaneous sense organs. Merkel, Endigungen 

 der sensibeln Nerven, Rostock, 1880; cf. Carriere, A. M. A. xxi. 1882. 



Central nervous system, Stieda, Z. W. Z. xix. 1867. 



Special sense organs. Eye. Leuckart, Grafe and Samisch, Handbuch der 

 Augenheilkunde, Leipzig, 1876, ii. p. 144. Pecten. Denissenko, A. M. A. xix. 

 1881. Grampian's muscle. Exner, SB. Akad. Wien. Ixxxviii. Abth. 3, 1882. 

 Harderian gland. MacLeod, Archives de Biol. i. 1880. Ear. Hasse, Z. W. Z. 

 xvii. 1867. Retzius, Gehororgan der Wirbelthiere, ii. Stockholm, 1884. 



Alimentary canal. Gadow, J. Z. xiii. 1879 (Columbae, p. 148). Salivary 

 glands. Reichel, M. J. viii. 1882. Glands of Proventriculus. Nussbaum, A. M. A. 

 xiii. 1877 (p. 744). Gizzard. Wiedersheim, A. M. A. viii. 1872. Bursa Fabricii. 

 Forbes, P. Z. S. 1877. Retterer, Journal de 1' Anatomic (Robin), xxi. 1885. Cf. 

 Martin Saint- Ange, tude de 1'appareil reproducteur, Paris, 1854 (Me'moires pr- 

 sentes par divers savants, &c. a 1'Acade'niie des Sciences, Paris, xiv. 1856). Histology 

 of oesophagus and proventriculus. Klein, Strieker's Histology (Sydenham Soc.), i. p. 



535, P- 554- 



Syrinx. Variations of vocal organs in Passeres, J. Miiller, transl. by Bell, 

 Oxford, 1878. Of Ratitae. Forbes, P. Z. S. 1881. 



Trachea^ Convolutions of: Forbes, P. Z. S. 1882. 



Lungs. Aeby, Bronchialbaum der Saugethiere, &c., Leipzig, 1880, p. 93. 

 Minute Anatomy, Schultze, Strieker's Histology (Sydenham Soc.), ii. p. 68. In 

 Apteryx, Huxley, P. Z. S. 1882. 



Air-sacs. Strasser, M. J. iii. 1877. Campana, Recherches d' Anatomic, &c. 

 Anatomic de 1'appareil pulmonaire, &c., chez le poulet, Paris, 1875. Milne 

 Edwards, Le9ons sur la Physiologic, &c. ii. p. 531. 



Heart. Sabatier, Le Coaur, Paris, 1873. Right auricula-ventricular valve, 

 &c., Gegenbaur, J. Z. ii. 1866, p. 375. Arterial system. Barkow, Meckel's Archiv 

 f. Anat. u. Physiol. 1829. Carotid arteries. Garrod, P. Z. S. 1873. Venous 

 system. Neugebaur, Nova Acta, xxi. 1845. Points in venous system. Wade, J. L. S. 

 xii. 1876. Renal-portal system. Jourdain, A. Sc. N. (4), xii. 1859. 



Lymph hearts. Stannius, Archiv. f. Anat. u. Physiol. 1843; in the chick, 

 Budge, same Archiv, Anat. Abth. 1882. 



