VERTEBRATA. 



183 



Ateleopus. 



Gadida. 

 Molva (Ling). 



GadopsidcB. 

 Gadopsis. 



ACANTHOPTERYGII. Dorsal, anal, and ventral fins with spinous 

 rays. Scales cycloid in most. Inferior pharyngeal bones some- 

 times united (Pharyngognathi). 



Mostly salt-water fish. Pharyngognathi of some authors in- 

 clude Chromidae, Labridse, Pomacentridse, and Scomberesocidae, 

 but the limits are uncertain. Embioticidae (Holconoti) are fresh- 

 water fishes from Japan and California, whose females retain 

 their young in a pouch at the end of the ovarium until they are 

 one-third grown. Osphrornenidse (=Labyrinthica) have a pecu- 

 liar cavity above the gills for retaining the water, whereby they 

 are enabled to remain on land for several days at a time. Cata- 

 phracti are synonymous with Triglidas, and Pediculata or Hali- 

 batrachi with Lophiidas. The ventral fins in Cyclopterida? are 

 modified into an adhesive disk ; while in the rernora (Echeneis 

 remora) the spinous dorsal is so modified. Chsetodontidae have 

 the dorsal and anal fins scaly at the base. Sticklebacks are re- 

 markable among fishes as almost the only nest-builders ; the work 

 is done by the males. 



Chromida. 

 Cichla. 

 Heros. 

 Acara. 

 Chromis. 



Embioticid(B. 

 Ditrema = Embio- 

 tica = Holconotus. 

 Hysterocarpus. 



Gerrida. 



Labridae. 



Gerres. 



Odax. 

 Scarus. 



Gomphosus. 



lulis. 



Epibulus. 



Platyglossus. 



Cossyphus. 



Choerops. 



Crenilabrus. 



Labrus (Wrasse). 



