VERTEBRATA. 



257 



separated from the ordinary seals. The genera, so-called, have 

 been excessively multiplied. 



Phocidts (Seals). Halichcerus. Otaria = Arctoce- 



Cystophora (Sea- Pelagius = Steno- phalus. 



elephant). rhynehus. 



Stemmatops = Stem- Phoca =-- Callocepha- Trlchechidce. 



matopus. lus. Trichechus (Walrus). 



Order XIII. CAENIYOEA. 



FERJE. 



Three kinds of teeth, the canines large and projecting. Toes 

 with long sharp claws. Mammas abdominal. 



The toes are webbed in the otters ; in the Felidse the claws are 

 retractile. Some species walk with the whole of the foot to the 

 ground [plantigrade], others entirely on their toes [digitigrade], 

 but some of the Viverridae do both. A remarkable peculiarity of 

 this order is that the lobes of the cerebrum are separated from the 

 cerebellum by a long process arising either from the occipital or 

 parietal bone, or from both. The clavicle is either wanting or 

 rudimentary, but is never attached to the sternum or to the sca- 

 pula. The stomach is simple, the intestines short, and the cascum 

 small or wanting. 



To this order belong the lion (Felis leo), jaguar (Fells onca), 

 puma (Felis concolor), tiger (Felis tigris), leopard (Felis leopardus), 

 wild cat (Felis cat us) [the origin of the domestic cat is unknown], 

 cheetah (Felis jubatus), lynx (Lynx cervaria), hyaena (Hycena 

 striata and H. crocuta are the two common species), fox ( Vulpes 

 vulgaris\ wolf (Canis lupus) [the dog is probably a domesticated 

 variety], jackal (Canis aureus\ ichneumon or Pharaoh's rat 

 (Herpestes ichneumon), civet-cat ( Viverra civetta), martin (Mustela 

 martes), sable (Mustela zibellinci), polecat (Piitorius fcetidus) [the 

 ferret is a domesticated variety], weasel (Putorius vulgaris) stoat 

 (Putorius ermineus) [in its winter dress it is the ermine], mink 

 (Putorius lutreola), glutton or wolverene (Gulo borcalis} [the 

 American glutton is not distinct], otter (Lutra vuJgaris), sea-otter 

 (Enhydris marina), badger (Meles taxus), skunk (Mephitis ameri- 

 cana), racoon (Procyon lofor}, bear (Ursus arctos*), polar bear 

 ( Ursus maritimus), grizzly bear ( Ursiis ferox), and sun -bear (He- 

 larctos malayanus). 



Prof. Flower has founded a classification of this order on the 



