INTRODUCTION. 5 



for use later. Those which require injection should be so 

 prepared before being placed in the preservative fluid. 



As far as possible, all dissections should be performed 

 under water. This buoys up the various parts, and makes 

 their shapes and relationships more evident than they 

 otherwise would be. 



REFERENCE BOOKS. 



In the classroom there should be some works of reference, 

 and the teacher should have and use others. As an aid in 

 selection of these works the following remarks may be of 

 value : 



There are a number of guides for the dissection of ani- 

 mals. One of the oldest and best of these is the " Practical 

 Biology " of Huxley and Martin (Macmillan & Co.), which 

 deals with both plants and animals in a thorough manner, 

 although but a few forms are included. Of a somewhat 

 similar character is Dodge's "Elementary Practical Biology" 

 (Harper & Brothers), which enters more into the physio- 

 logical side of the forms studied. Descriptions of more 

 forms will be found in Bumpus' "Invertebrate Zoology" 

 (Holt), Brooks' "Invertebrate Zoology" (Cassino), and 

 Parker's " Zootomy " (Macmillan & Co.), the latter includ- 

 ing only vertebrates. The works of Brooks and Parker are 

 illustrated. 



For general accounts of the structure of animals, giving 

 general statements for all groups, Jackson's edition of 

 Rolleston's " Forms of Animal Life " (Macmillan) and 

 Gegenbaur's " Comparative Anatomy" (out of print; only 

 to be found second-hand) are good. The general structure 

 of invertebrate forms is covered by Lang's " Text-book of 

 Comparative Anatomy " (Macmillan), Shipley's " Inverte- 

 brate Zoology" (Macmillan), McMurrich's " Invertebrate 



