HEMIPTERA (BUGS). 



The Hemiptera are the true bugs. This term is fre- 

 quently loosely applied, but any true bug has the following 

 characteristics : Its mouth-parts are not fitted for biting, 



FIG. 83. Head of seventeen-year locust to show the mouth-parts, etc. a, 

 antennae ; e, compound eye ; J, labium ; met, mandible ; raz, maxilla. 



but for piercing and sucking. They are prolonged into a 

 beak, consisting of a fleshy grooved sheath (labium) with 

 four needle-like bristles (mandibles, maxillae) in the groove. 

 This organ is used for making holes in plants or flesh, and 



194 



