GENUS TINTINNOPSIS. 617 



this ornamentation concealed in the posterior region through the incor- 

 poration of coarsely nodular foreign particles ; animalcule as in C. galea, 

 but with a relatively deeper lappet-bearing membranous collar. Length of 

 lorica 1-170". HAB. Saltwater: Lanzarote (Haeckel). 



Professor Haeckel proposes to identify this species with the Tintinnus cam- 

 panula of Claparede and Lachmann. The animalcule of that type, as figured by 

 the Swiss authorities, however, presents the essential characters of an ordinary 

 Tintinnus, possessing a shuttlecock-like oral wreath of stout vibratile cilia that 

 cannot be consistently compared with the long, flexible, tentacle-like appendages 

 of Haeckel's Codonella. The lorica, again, is coarsely granular throughout, and 

 presents no trace of transverse annulation. Spherical, spore-like bodies, varying 

 in number from ten to twenty, were observed within the parenchyma of this species 

 by Haeckel on various occasions, and in one instance some fully developed embryos. 

 These germs, when liberated, were, as represented in the accompanying illustration, 

 PI. XXX. Fig. 36, of ovate form, finely ciliate throughout, and contained a central 

 band-like endoplast and posteriorly located contractile vesicle. 



GENUS II. TINTINNOPSIS, Stein. 



Animalcules campanulate or pyriform, attached posteriorly by a 

 slender, retractile pedicle within a membraneous free-floating sheath or 

 lorica, this lorica frequently enclosing sand-grains or other adventitious 

 particles ; peristomal cilia forming two complete and independent ciliary 

 circlets, those of the outer series being flexible and tentaculiform, those 

 of the inner one short and cirrose ; general surface of the body traversed 

 longitudinally from one end to the other by rows of short cilia, between 

 which intervene bare interspaces of considerable extent. Habits pelagic. 



The only type of this genus yet observed is an inhabitant of salt-water. As 

 pointed out by Stein,* the peculiar band-like distribution of the cilia upon the 

 general surface of the body, essentially distinguishes it from Tintinnus, which he 

 regards as its most near ally, placing the two, indeed, in one family group. The 

 peculiar character of the outer series of oral or peristomal cilia is, however, entirely 

 different from what obtains in that genus, and corresponds more closely with what 

 is met with in Haeckel's recently described genera Codonella and Dictyocysta. 

 Haeckel, when referring to the genus Tintinnopsis, in his account of these two 

 last-named types, inadvertently quotes Stein as embodying as its diagnostic cha- 

 racter the presence of fine cilia throughout the cuticular surface in place of their 

 restriction to well-marked longitudinal bands, and further misrepresents the universal 

 distribution of these cilia in the one case and their entire absence in the other as 

 the essential distinction between the two genera Tintinnopsis and Tintinnus. In 

 this latter instance he simply reproduces Stein's interpretation of the characteristics 

 of the genus Tintinnus, which, as already explained, do not harmonize with the 

 results obtained through the more extensive investigation of this group made by 

 Claparede and Lachmann. 



Tintinnopsis beroidea, Stein. 



Lorica helmet- or thimble-shaped, the anterior margin widest, slightly 

 everted ; pointed posteriorly, composed of a transparent parchment-like 

 substance, enclosing numerous angular, dissimilar, siliceous particles ; body 

 of animalcule pear-shaped ; peristome bearing an outer and even circle of 



* Infusionsthiere,' Abth. ii., p. 154, 1867. 



