HORSE-CHESTNUT 177 



Taxus baccata, L. Yew (Fig. 65). Better recognised 

 by its other characters (see p. 150). 



Quercus Ilex may also be mentioned here, as its scales 

 are sometimes pronounced, though preceded by fissures 

 (see p. 194). 



Jftt Deciduous trees, not casting red 

 scales; leaves broad. Large trees 

 with more or less pyramidal-domed, 

 spreading heads, decussate spray 

 and learns, and large terminal 

 buds. 



-r- Limbs and larger branches sweep- 

 ing downwards and forwards, 

 spray upturned and bearing very 

 large viscid red-brown buds, or, 

 opposite large digitate leaves. 

 Bark deep slaty -brown cast in 

 irregular angular rough scales. 

 Flowers on large erect pyramidal 

 inflorescences; fruits spinescent, 

 shedding big round red-brown 



^Esculus Hippocastanum, Horse-chestnut (Figs. 81, 83). 

 The foliage is beautifully displayed and more or less 

 terraced, bright green. Flowers large and irregular, white 

 touched with red and yellow. The huge globoid seeds of 

 the Horse-chestnut must not be confounded with the 

 similarly coloured fruits of the true Chestnut. Crown 

 ovoid-pyramidal in young trees, and twigs stiff. 



No other tree, except certain other species of the same 

 genus and of the allied Pavia, present the peculiar large, 

 ovoid, upturned and viscid buds of jEsculus. The forward 

 sweep of branches and upturning of the tips is met with 

 in the Pines, Beech and Ash, but is hardly characteristic 

 of any other large tree. 



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