n] 



BUD-SCALES 



17 



to scales which incline to be herbaceous above or even 

 to bear traces of leaf-blades, to more and more perfect 

 Horse-chestnut leaves as we ascend (Fig. 8). 



The comparative series displayed also shows us that 

 the bud-scales in the Horse-chestnut are morphologically 

 leaf-bases, i.e. the bases of leaves which develop no upper 

 parts or blades, and become hard and scaly as the buds 

 form. This point is of some importance, since, as we shall 

 see, bud-scales differ as to their nature in other ways. 



Fig. 9. Vertical section through buds of a Pine, Pinus austriaca. 

 a pith ; b primary cortex ; c wood ; d phloem ; x pith of bud. Each small 

 knot in the axils of the scales is the bud of a dwarf-shoot : see Figs. 11 

 and 12 (Ha). 



A similar case to that of the Horse-chestnut is met 

 with in many other buds, of which the Maples are further 

 examples ; and dissections of the buds of the Lilac, Lime, 

 w. i. 2 



