112 OLIVE AND PURPLE TWIGS [CH. XIV 



Ivy, &c., we find particularly dark shades of green in the 

 Alder and of matt-green in the Spindle Tree. 



Grey-greens occur in Sycamore and Laburnum ; and 

 yellow-greens in Mistletoe, Elder and Sycamore ; while the 

 twigs of Salix purpurea, S. viminalis and Aspen, &c., are 

 often greenish, and the brown-green of the Spindle Tree 

 carries us to the olive shades e.g. the brown-grey-olive 

 of Salix viminalis. 



Olive-greens are common, e.g. in Dogwood, Lime, 

 Maples, Elms, Lilac, Ash, Fig, Ailanthus, White Mulberry, 

 Quercus Cerris, Q. cocrinea, Walnut, Robinia, Chestnut, 

 Pyrus Sorbus and P. torminalis, Hawthorn, Clematis, 

 Planes, and some Willows, e.g. Salix viminalis and S. 

 purpurea. 



Browns and greys, &c., are often so dark as to suggest 

 black, as in the deep brown-black of the Blackthorn, and 

 the intensely dark olive of the Alder ; and the twigs or 

 branches of Cotoneaster, Rhamnus catharticus, Quercus 

 Cerris, Birch and Betula nana may be blackish. 



Pure blues, violets or purples perhaps never occur ; 

 but the twigs of Salix purpurea and Alder are frequently 

 purplish, and those of Roses and Blackberries reddish 

 violet on the sunny side, while the Honeysuckles may 

 have bluish or violet hues towards the tips, and those of 

 Rhamnus Frangula are often dark violet. But probably 

 the finest approach to true purple is found in the plum- 

 purple branches of Salix daphnoides, on which the white 

 waxy bloom sometimes produces glorious shades of blue 

 and violet. 



