118 



LEAF-TRACES 



[CH. 



Now it is noteworthy that the numbers and arrange- 

 ment of these leaf-traces are very constant in the leaf- 

 scars of the various species of trees and shrubs, as Schwartz 

 and other forest botanists, and especially Schneider, have 

 shown. 



w 



Fig. 59. Types of leaf-scars, a Fig; b Horse-chestnut; c Ailanthus; 

 d Walnut ; e Vine; / Maple ; g Pyrus, Willow, Sycamore ; h Eose ; i Rhus ; 

 k Plane ; I Quercus Cerris ; m Elm ; n Oak ; o Lime ; p Chestnut ; q Prunus ; 

 r Privet; sHippophae; t Mulberry; u Hornbeam; v Birch; w Viburnum', 

 x Ash ; y Alder. 



