VII l] PAPPUS, ETC. 75 



The marcescent calyx of the Mallows, &c., is not 

 merely persistent, but remains as a papery covering to 

 the fruit : in cases where it not only remains, but grows 

 larger as the fruit ripens, the calyx is accrescent, e.g. the 

 Winter Cherry (Physalis) and many Dipterocarpacece, 

 Anacardiacece, &c. 



One of the most remarkable types of calyx is the 

 Pappus of the Dandelion and many other Composite, 

 where the calyx is delayed and obsolete in the flower, 

 but developes a sessile or stalked parachute-like crown 

 of simple or branched hairs as the fruit ripens, and serves 

 as the well-known flying apparatus. 



Appendages to the sepals occur in the form of honey- 

 secreting nectaries, and they may assume very peculiar 

 shapes and prominence. 



Since these and other peculiarities of the calyx do 

 not apply to the trees and shrubs here concerned, how- 

 ever, I pass on to the consideration of the Corolla. 



