232 MULBERRY, ETC. 



monoecious is occasionally dioecious, and would then be 

 sought for here. See p. 241. 



[Other dioecious flowers, but with perianths or with 

 calyx and corolla and not in truly catkinate inflorescences, 

 are to be met with in Rhamnus catharticus (p. 269), 

 Viscum album (p. 264), Aucuba japonica (p. 268), Ruscus 

 aculeatus (p. 266), Empetrum nigrum (p. 267), andFraxinus 

 excelsior (p. 275). As a more or less abnormal state the 

 Holly is also occasionally sub-dioecious (p. 288) and the 

 same may occur with others.] 



(b) Staminate ( <f ) and pistillate ( ? ) flowers on the 

 same plant i.e. monoecious either in the same 

 or in different inflorescences. 



[F r (") (i) Flowers monochlamydeous or achlamydeous; 



the </* with a perianth, the $ flowers with 

 or without a minute perigone, but devoid 

 of a cupule. Scales of the catkins not 

 toothed, or slit or fimbriated. The catkins 

 of one sex usually at the ends of long 

 shoots, those of the other terminating the 

 dwarf shoots. 



[For () (a) Both </ and $ flowers in cylindrical, 



or ellipsoid, uninterrupted, pendent or 

 spreading catkins, with compound imbri- 

 cated scales, the $ flowers achlamydeous, 

 the </ with a perianth (monochlamydeous). 

 The catkins, formed in autumn, pass 

 the winter on the tree. Flowers in small 

 dichasia in the axils of the cover-scales, 

 to which the bracts adhere. Anthers 

 glabrous. 



* The $ catkins terminating the dwarf 

 shoots 10 15 mm. long; the at the 



