320 ACHATINELLA APEXFULVA. 



ridge was formerly the habitat of the pattern called gulickii, 

 which has a white subperipheral band, and of lilacea, with 

 continuous vinaceous streaks. These are now nearly or quite 

 extinct in the localities where Gulick collected. 



History of A. apexfulva. The several synonyms of A. apex- 

 fulva lugubris, pica and seminigra were based upon ex- 

 actly the same form, their types having been taken from leis 

 (necklaces). It appears that shell leis were strung by the 

 natives of the good agricultural region about Waialua Bay, 

 who doubtless got the shells from the lower forests in the 

 back country, in various places in Kawailoa and Helemano 

 districts. They were carried or traded eastward, and so ob- 

 tained by explorers harboring at Honolulu. It is altogether 

 likely that all of the A. apexfulva of these leis were from 

 some one colony in Opaeula Gulch. The Messrs. Emerson's 

 grove may well have been the last remnant of this colony. 

 According to Captain Freycinet, shell leis were going out of 

 style at the time he visited Oahu, the tawdry European orna- 

 ments being in fashion. I am glad to say that the charming 

 custom of wearing flower leis continues to this day. 



The original descriptions follow. 



Helix apexfulva. ' ' . . . the natives form necklaces, brace- 

 lets and other ornaments. One of these necklaces afforded a 

 singular species of the Helix genus of Linna3us, which I was 

 informed is a fresh-water shell. It is outwardly smooth, has 

 seven spires, and is of a black-brown color except the tip 

 which is pale-yellow ; the inside is smooth and white, and the 

 mouth is marginated within. It is remarkable for a knob or 

 tooth on the columella, but which does not w T ind round it, 

 consequently excludes it from the Voluta genus of Linnaeus, 

 to which at first sight it appears to be related. As I presume 

 it to be a species hitherto undescribed, I have taken the liberty 

 to give it the trivial name of Apex Fulva, or the Yellow Tip. 

 A figure of it in two views is given in one of the following 

 plates ' (Dixon). 



A copy of Captain Dixon 's figure is given, pi. 50, fig. 15. 



In the Neues Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet, vol. XI, 

 1795, Joh. H. Chemnitz gives the following description of 



