ACHATINELLA APEXFULVA. 321 



Turbo lugubris, prefaced by the statement that Spengler had 

 obtained several shells in London, which were accompanied 

 by a note referring to the account in Dixon's Voyage. "This 

 mirror-smooth shell has six whorls. Its color resembles 

 that of a mourning garment. It is coal-black, and on the 

 uppermost whorls snow-white, and so smooth and shining 

 that I think the shell was polished in the southern lands. 

 The aperture is almost round. The short, white columella is 

 somewhat thickened in the middle, as though there was a 

 tooth there. The interior walls are dirty white. In the Sand- 

 wich Islands the natives use these snails for decoration or or- 

 naments to wear on the neck, the ears and the nose. Thus it 

 is that almost all of this species which come to Europe have 

 the shell bored for passage of the band for hanging about the 

 neck or ears.' 



Chemnitz's figures excellently represent the typical apex- 

 fulva, and it is very likely that the specimens were part of 

 those brought home by Captain Dixon. 



Lamarck's description of the same species follows: 



"Monodonta seminigra. Shell obliquely conic, imperf or- 

 ate, rather smooth, black below, white above ; columellar tooth 

 white ; lip simple. 



"Inhabits the Pacific Ocean, on the shores of the island of 

 Othaiti. My cabinet. The queen of this island used them 

 for ear rings. The columella is very short. Diameter of the 

 base S 1 /^ lines; length iy 2 lines'" (Lamarck). 



Delessert's figures of Lamarck's type represent entirely 

 typical apexfulva. Lamarck does not state the source of his 

 specimens, but Delessert remarks that "il a etc rapporte par 

 le capitaine Cook.' 



Swainson's type of Achatinella pica was obtained by Cap- 

 tain (afterwards Lord) Byron in Honolulu. The description 

 follows. " Shell trochiform, black, apex and base of the 

 pillar white. Shell seven-tenths of an inch long, body whorl 

 convex, spire conic ; the three upper whorls white or fulvous, 

 without any convexity, and forming a conic point. Suture 

 thickened, and margined by a sulcate groove ; a character that 

 runs through all the following species except A. acuta. In- 



