Vlll CONTENTS. 



is not necessarily the only one in which it can flourish, 128. 

 Similarities in the faunas of distant countries, 129. Problems of 

 Distribution and Evolution, 131. Means of Dispersal of Animals, 

 134. The influence of geological terrain upon faunas, 136. Dispersal 

 of Oligochteta, 138. Dispersal of Mollusca, 140. Dispersal of 

 Amphibia, 145. Dispersal of Reptiles, 147. Evidence of capacity 

 for Migration on the part of a given animal, 150. Influence of 

 human interference upon Migration, 151. The existing Distribution 

 of land and sea considered in relation to Zoological Geography, 155. 

 Evidence in favour of Permanence of Oceans, 156. Evidence against 

 the view that existing Oceans have not largely changed their 

 areas, 159. Evidence in favour of a formerly more extensive 

 Antarctic Continent, 164. " Lemuria," 176. 



CHAPTER IV. 



THE FAUNA OF ISLANDS. 



The Fauna of the British Isles, 183. The Fauna of Madagascar, 

 187. The Fauna of Fernando Noronha, 190. The Fauna of 

 Kerguelen, 193. The Fauna of the Galapagos, 195. The Fauna of 

 New Zealand, 199. Fauna of the Sandwich Islands, 203. General 

 observations upon the Fauna of Islands, 204. Continental Islands, 

 205. Oceanic Islands, 207. Anomalous islands, 210. Some pecu- 

 liarities of island animals, 212. 



CHAPTER V. 



SOME THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS. 



The bearing of the facts of distribution upon the places of origin 

 of different groups, 220. The place of origin of the Marsupials, 222. 

 Theory of the Polar origin of Life, 227. 



Map shewing Zoogeographical Regions . . Frontispiece 



distribution of Edentata . . . to face p. 32 



Earthworms . . 65 



Struthious Birds 168 



Lemurs . 187 



