104 ORANG AND GIBBON. [CH. II 



stands in the first place the Orang, of which there may or 

 may not be more than a single species. The Anthropoid 

 apes are also represented by the agile family of the Gibbons 

 (Siamanga and Hylobates). The two genera of Apes, 

 Macacus and Cynopithecus, might really for all practical 

 purposes have been included among the list of peculiar 

 genera, for they only just get outside the region. Among 

 carnivorous animals the Tiger is one of the most noticeable, 

 though it is not strictly confined to the region, getting 

 north into even the colder parts of the Palsearctic region. 

 The remarkable lemur Tarsius, which is generally made 

 the type and only member of a special family of the 

 Lemurs, only just ranges beyond the Oriental region, 

 while the " Slow Loris " and an ally represent the more 

 normal lemurs. The Ungulates are many and character- 

 istic. In addition to the peculiar genera mentioned in the 

 above list there is of course the Indian elephant and the 

 Malayan Tapir; three out of the five existing species of 

 rhinoceros are also natives of this region. The others, as 

 has been already mentioned, are Ethiopian : the porcupine 

 Atherura is a genus which is common to this region and 

 to the Ethiopian. So too the Manis or Scaly anteater. 

 The flying squirrels, Pteromys, get as far north as Japan, 

 but there are some who would place at least the southern 

 portion of this empire in the Oriental rather than in the 

 Palsearctic region. Of birds the family TimeliidaB, the 

 " Babbling thrushes," are very nearly absolutely confined 

 to this region ; in Mr Wallace's list 21 out of a total of 27 



O ' 



genera, which he allows to the family, are exclusively 

 Oriental. Some of the most magnificent species of the 



