CAMPANULARIA VOLUBILIS. 101 



times plain, sometimes spirally twisted, and which often 

 sends off free shoots, rather long, spirally twisted, with 

 a single spherical ring below each catycle*; HYDROTHECTE 

 rather narrow and deep, of equal width throughout, till 

 within a very short distance of the base, when they sud- 

 denly contract, with about ten shallow, blunt denticles 

 round the margin ; GONOTHEC.E ON short stalks (2 whorls), 

 flask-shaped, smooth, with a long narrow neck. 



Mr. ALDER was the first to point out that the Sertularia 

 volubilis of Linnaeus is a distinct species from the Cam- 

 panularia volubilis of Johnston f. In his ' Northumber- 

 land Catalogue ' he has defined the characteristics of the 

 two forms with his accustomed accuracy both of pen and 

 pencil, and restored to its proper rank one of the prettiest 

 of its tribe. 



The C. volubilis is a small species, and may be readily 

 known by its spirally twisted (not ringed) stems and the 

 solitary spherule beneath the calycles. The latter, too, 

 are much more cylindrical than those of the allied species, 

 and the denticulation is comparatively minute. The 

 creeping stem has a fashion of detaching itself and casting 

 forth long, delicate, and transparent spiral shoots ; when 

 attached it is sometimes smooth. 



The neck of the prettily shaped capsules varies con- 

 siderably in length. They are generally produced but 

 sparingly, and scattered singly along the creeping stem; 

 but I have seen them crowded together in numbers, and 

 forming a dense mass about the base of the calycles. 



Hub. On zoophytes from deep water; widely distributed. 



[Norway (Sars) : off Reikiavik, Iceland, in 100 fathoms, 



* " At the bottom of each [cup], where they join the stalk, the microscope 

 discovers to us a very minute spherule or little ball, as in some drinking 

 glasses." Ellis. 



f The (.'I i/ tiu JuJiiiK/uiii of the present work 



M 



