166 CAMPANULARIIL>.. 



The C. breviscyphia of Sars seems to have been founded 

 on examples of C. caliculata with more elongated stems 

 and somewhat shorter calycles than those from which the 

 original description was taken. I have little hesitation 

 in identifying it with the present species. Sars has ob- 

 tained specimens of C. caliculata near Bergen on which 

 the pedicels had more than 30 rings or, rather, " slight 

 waves/ 7 as Agassiz more accurately styles them. As in 

 other species, there seems to be much variability in this 

 portion of the structure. 



The newly formed calycle is covered by a convex cap, 

 shaped like a watch-glass, which the polypite pushes off 

 when fully developed. 



The calycles are very tremulous, owing to the deep con- 

 striction of the stem to form the spherule on which they 

 rest, and are soon detached after the death of the polypite. 



The reproductive capsules (female) contain two sporo- 

 sacs, a large one above and a smaller one below or some- 

 times only one, which occupies, when its contents are 

 matured, the greater portion of the cavity. Four branched 

 gastrovascular canals spring from the base of it, amongst 

 the ramifications of which the ova are placed (Plate XXXI. 

 fig. 2 d\ The capsule was first described by Sars (' Medi- 

 terranean Littoral Fauna/ p. 50) ; and its structure and the 

 development of its contents have been thoroughly investi- 

 gated by Allman and Agassiz*. The latter has frequently 

 seen a portion of the contained mass of planules forced 

 out of the capsule, still enclosed in the sac, and remaining 

 attached externally. 



The planule is ovate, and clothed with vibratile cilia. 



* In Agassiz'.s great work on the Natural History of the United States, 

 this species is described and figured as Clyfia poteriinn. It is to be regretted 

 that this distinguished author did not pay more attention to the European 

 forms before naming his American Hydroids, many of which, I believe, are 

 identical with British species. 



